1 linux环境 mysql安装运行

1.1下载

案例 在/usr/local/src，下载msql

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

1.2 安装

在/usr/local/src创建mysql-install.sh，并运行

#!/bin/bash
mkdir /usr/local/mysql
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C /usr/local/mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql && yum remove mysql-libs -y
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
#cd ../
#cp binary_log_types.h /usr/include/mysql/
# 删除mysql目录
rm -rf /usr/local/mysql  

1.3常见异常

原因： 缺少libaio库

解决

wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm

1.4再次运行

sh mysql-install.sh

1.5启动/停止服务

启动服务：service mysqld start     
重启服务：service mysqld restart
停止服务：service mysqld stop

1.6登入mysql

mysql -uroot -p

首次登入没有密码，会在 /var/log/mysqld.log 自动生成密码

grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

第一次登入必须修改密码：

密码不能过于简单

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('T123456'); 
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('Test_123456'); 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

2.  配置文件简介

/etc/my.cnf ：mysql的配置文件

[mysqld]
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# log_bin
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql           #数据库文件存放路径
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock  #客户程序与服务器之间的本地通信指定一个套接字文件
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log         #日志存放路径
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid    #pid存放路径

3. 字符集设置 

3.1查看字符编码 

mysql> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name                        | Value                      |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client                    | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection                | utf8                       |
| character_set_database                 | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem                | binary                     |
| character_set_results                   | utf8                       |
| character_set_server                    | latin1                     |
| character_set_system                   | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir                      | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1                          |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+
9 rows in set (0.01 sec)

数据库如果字符编码是 latin1，存储中文，会有乱码出现

3.2修改字符编码 

在/etc/my.cnf 最后面添加如下内容

 # vi /etc/my.cnf
# 需添加的内容
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

修改后重启mysql服务

注意：

    以后创建的库和表的字符编码默认是utf-8，但是以前创建的库和表的字符编码没有修改，如果需要修改，则写sql去修改

例如 

alter database test1 default character set utf8;
alter table t1 convert to character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;
alter table t1 default character set utf8;

4. 远程连接mysql 

4.1创建用户，授权

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'Test_123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

说明：

all privileges : 所有的权限

 *.* ：表示master所有的表，都可以主从复制

mysync：创建授权用户名

% ：表示所有的客户端，这样不安全，一般指定ip，更安全

Test_123456：创建授权用户名密码

4.2远程连接

如果连不上，查看ip是否能ping通

                      查看端口是否开放